If Windows can't load the system registry hive into memory, you must restore the system hive. Rename the bootmgr file as bootmgr.old: ren c:\bootmgr bootmgr.oldĬopy the bootmgr file, and then paste it to the System Reserved partition. Navigate to the system drive and run the same command: attrib -r -s -h Run the attrib command to unhide the file: attrib -r -s -h To do this replacement, follow these steps:Īt a command prompt, change the directory to the System Reserved partition. If methods 1, 2 and 3 don't fix the problem, replace the Bootmgr file from drive C to the System Reserved partition. If the problem isn't fixed, run the following commands: bcdedit /export c:\bcdbackup Restart the computer to check whether the problem is fixed. To do this step, run the following command: Bootrec /ScanOS Scan for all the systems that are installed. If you receive BCD-related errors, follow these steps: If the corruption in the MBR affects the partition table, running Fixmbr may not fix the problem.
Running BOOTREC together with Fixmbr overwrites only the master boot code. To do this task of invoking the Startup Repair tool, follow these steps. When the Startup Repair tool determines the cause, the tool tries to fix the problem automatically. These diagnostics include analyzing startup log files to determine the cause of the problem. When the tool starts, it performs diagnostics. When the computer detects a startup problem, the computer starts the Startup Repair tool. The tool also lets you quickly diagnose and repair more complex startup problems. The Startup Repair tool automatically fixes many common problems. To troubleshoot this problem, use Windows installation media to start the computer, press Shift+F10 for a command prompt, and then use any of the following methods. Unable to boot due to system hive missing or corrupted.Boot Configuration Data (BCD) missing or corrupted.If the screen is black except for a blinking cursor, or if you receive one of the following error codes, this status indicates that the boot process is stuck in the Boot Loader phase: If the system is stuck at the BIOS phase, there may be a hardware problem. If it doesn't toggle, this dysfunction indicates that the startup process is stuck at BIOS. Press the NumLock key to see whether the indicator light toggles on and off. If it's not working, this dysfunction indicates that the startup process is stuck at the BIOS phase. If there are any external peripherals connected to the computer, disconnect them.Ĭheck whether the hard disk drive light on the physical computer is working. To determine whether the system has passed the BIOS phase, follow these steps: If the computer repeatedly boots to the recovery options, run the following command at a command prompt to break the cycle:īcdedit /set bootmenupolicy legacy BIOS phase This article provides troubleshooting techniques for problems that occur during the first three phases. Select the thumbnail to view it larger.Įach phase has a different approach to troubleshooting. Before you start troubleshooting, you have to understand the outline of the boot process and display status to ensure that the issue is properly identified at the beginning of the engagement. Here's a summary of the boot sequence, what will be seen on the display, and typical boot problems at that point in the sequence.
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The kernel passes control to the session manager process (Smss.exe) which initializes the system session, and loads and starts the devices and drivers that aren't marked BOOT_START. Windows NT OS Kernel: The kernel loads into memory the system registry hive and other drivers that are marked as BOOT_START. Windows operating system loader: Essential drivers required to start the Windows kernel are loaded and the kernel starts to run. Windows Boot Manager: Windows Boot Manager finds and starts the Windows loader (Winload.exe) on the Windows boot partition. Firmware reads the master boot record (MBR), and then starts Windows Boot Manager. This pre-boot process ends when a valid system disk is detected. PreBoot: The PC's firmware initiates a power-on self test (POST) and loads firmware settings. To troubleshoot boot problems, first determine in which of the following phases the computer gets stuck: Phase There are several reasons why a Windows-based computer may have problems during startup. If you're looking for more general information about recovery options, see Recovery options in Windows 10. This article is intended for use by support agents and IT professionals.
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